Hydrocarbon-lamp.



Patented Aug. 28, I900.

W. HAWKS.

HYDROCARBON LAMP.

(Application filed Mar 22, 1900.

(No Model.)

NiTED STATES I PATENT OFFIGE.

WILLIAM HAWKS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS B. JEFFERY ANDCHARLES F. STOKES, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDROCARBON-LAM P.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 656,889, dated August28,1900. Application filed March 22,1900. Serial No. 9,724. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HAWKS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Im provements in Hydrocarbon-Lam ps, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to those lamps that generate the gas which theyconsume by the heat of the lamp-body. In such lamps it is common toprovide the lamp-body with a series of small intercommunicating ducts,formin g a portion of the passage-way from the hydrocarbon-reservoir tothe escape-valve,within which ducts the gas is generated. These ductsare of small diameter and easily become clogged. They usually are formedby drilling into the lamp body, and therefore are expensive to make.

The object of this invention is the production of a lamp wherein theseries of intercommunicating ducts is dispensed with and which containsother and further improvements more fully specified hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lampembodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation ofthe lamp-body. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section on dotted line 3 3of Fig. 4 through said lamp-body. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section ondotted line 4 4. of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of theneedle-valve stem.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

In'the construction of this lamp I provide a lamp-body A, preferably ofcopper on account of its heat-conducting properties. This lamp-body iscylindrical in its general outline and is provided in its interior witha mixingchamber A and an airinduction opening A extending transverselythrough the middle portion of said lamp-body and communicating with themixing-chamberA', at the lower end of the latter.

A is a screen of Wire-gauze or other suitable material for closing theupper end of the mixing chamber. Two channels A are formed in oppositesides of the lamp-body A in a direction transverse to its axis, but notdeep enough to communicate directly with the mixing-chamber A.

A duct A extends downward from the upper part of said mixing-chamberthrough the upper side of each of the channels A and provides a meansfor projecting a heating-flame against the lower side of said channelswhen the lamp is in operation. An opening A near the lower end of thelamp-body communicates with the hydrocarbon-supply pipe A and thisopening is continued by the duct A communicating with the opening A forthe supply-valve A by means of which the supply of gas or oil isregulated. This supply-valve has the stuffing-box usual in such valvesto prevent the hydrocarbon from leaking about the valve stem. A filter Acomposed of copper wires twisted in cable form, is inserted in thesupply-pipe A near its point of attachment to the lamp-body A, and theheat of the lampbody being communicated to the copper wire of thisfilter causes it to generate gas from the hydrocarbon.

At the lower end of the lamp-body is a doWnwardly-extendin g projectionA screwthreaded externally and internally, and a generating-cup A,containing an absorbent fireproof substance, as mineral wool, is turnedupon said external screw-threads. This generating-cup is intended toreceive alcohol for generating gas when first lighting the lamp. Aneedle-valve stem A, screw-threaded to correspond with the internalthreading of the downwardly extending projection A lies within the axialopening A of said projection, and this opening A communicates with theopening A whereby the generated gas is conducted to thedischarge-orifice A3, to be later described. The forward end of theneedle-valve stem A is adapted to seatitself in the end of the axialopening A and the needle-point A of said stem extends through a smallopening A communicating between the axial opening A and themixing-chamber A. The needle-point A of this valvestem A is of uniformdiameter and is composed of a piece of steel wire fixed in the forwardend of the valve-stem A The. discharge-orifice A forms the means ofdirecting the generated gas into the mixing-chamber A, from whence it isdriven upward through the screen A into the mantle of the lamp and thereconsumed.

13 is the gallery, of usualconstruction, surrounding the lamp-body forsupporting the chimney B, the shade B and the mantle B In operation,hydrocarbon is provided for the'supply-pipe A", the liquidipassingthrough the filter A, through the duct A and is Aquantityi stopped bythe supply-valve A of alcohol is poured upon the mineral wool in thegenerating-cup A and said alcohol ignited. The heat of the burningalcohol generates gas in the duct A and when the supply-Valve A isopened and the needle-valve stem A turned backward to withdraw theforward end of said stem from its seat in the axial opening A and toremove the needlepoint A from the discharge-orifice A gas under pressureissues from said orifice and mixes with air in the mixing-chamber A. Theforce of the jet is sufiicient to drive the combustible mixture upwardthrough the Wire screen A into the mantle B where said mixture isignited. lhe ducts A direct a flame downward in the channels A on eachside of the lamp-body and heat said body sufficiently to generate gas inthe duct A and in the supply-pipe A The lamp-body is made of copper onaccount of the superior heat-conducting properties of this metal.

The needle-valve point A at the end of the valve-stem A is made ofuniform diameter, so that its passage through the dischargeorifice Ashall not enlarge that opening, being merely to free it from anysubstance which may find its way into said opening.

I claim as my invention 1 1. A lamp-body for hydrocarbon-burners,composed of an integral piece of metal of hollow, cylindrical form,having a closed lower end and an open upper end, openings on 0ppositesides of the lamp-body for admitting air to the interior thereof, twotransverse grooves in the walls of said body portion on extending fromthe supply-pipe opening to the supply-valve opening and from the latterto the needle-valve opening.

" '2. In a hydrocarbon-lamp, a lamp-body composed of an integral pieceof metal of hol- 10W, cylindrical form, having a closed lower end and anopen upper end, openings on opposite sides of the lamp-body foradmitting air to the interior thereof, two transverse grooves in thewalls of said body portion on opposite sides thereof, and an opening inthe upper side Wall of each of said grooves, communicating between theinterior of said body portion and said groove; a stem at the closedlower end of said cylinder, which stem has a longitudinal openinginternally screw-threaded to receive the needle-valve stem; the bodyportion also having an opening threaded to receive the hydrocarb0nsupplypipe,an opening for receiving the supply-valve, and ducts extending fromthe supply-pipe opening to the supply-valve opening and from the latterto the needle-valve opening: in combination with a needle-valve having ascrew-threaded stem, a closure-face, and a needle-point of uniformdiameter extending from said 010- sure-face; ahydrocarbon-supply pipe;and a supply-valve.

WILLIAM HAWKS.

Witnesses:

F. F. HAWKS, L. L. MILLER.

